ืชืงื ื•ืŸ ื•ืชื ืื™ ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ

ืžื‘ื•ื:

ื”ืชืงื ื•ืŸ ื ื›ืชื‘ ื‘ืœืฉื•ืŸ ื–ื›ืจ ืžื˜ืขืžื™ ื ื•ื—ื•ืช ื•ื—ืœ ืขืœ ืฉื ื™ ื”ืžื™ื ื™ื. ืื ื ืงืจื ื‘ืงืคื™ื“ื” ืืช ืชื ืื™ ื”ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ.

ื”ืืชืจ ืžื›ื™ืœ ื—ื ื•ืช ืื™ื ื˜ืจื ื˜ื™ืช ืžืงื•ื•ื ืช ืœืจื›ื™ืฉืช ืžื•ืฆืจื™ื, ื•ืชื ืื™ ื”ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื—ืœื™ื ื‘ืขืช ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ืื• ืจื›ื™ืฉืช ืžื•ืฆืจื™ื ื‘ืืชืจ.

ื”ืืชืจ, ื•ื›ืœ ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืžืกื•ืคืง ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืชื•, ืœืจื‘ื•ืช ืขื™ืฆื•ื‘, ืชื•ื›ืŸ, ืกื™ืžื ื™ ืžืกื—ืจ, ืชื•ื›ืŸ, ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ื•ืืœื’ื•ืจื™ืชืžื™ื, ืžื•ื’ื ื™ื ืชื—ืช ื“ื™ื ื™ ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ื™ื•ืฆืจื™ื ื•ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ืงื ื™ื™ืŸ ืจื•ื—ื ื™.

ืื™ืŸ ืœื”ืขืชื™ืง ืœืฉื›ืคืœ, ืœื”ืคื™ืฅ, ืœืคืจืกื ืื• ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ืจืš ืื—ืจืช ืืช ื”ืชื›ื ื™ื ื”ืžื•ืคื™ืขื™ื ื‘ืืชืจ.

ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื•ืจื›ื™ืฉืช ืžื•ืฆืจื™ื ื‘ืืชืจ ืžื”ื•ื•ื” ืืช ื”ืกื›ืžืชืš ืœืชื ืื™ ื”ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ, ื‘ื” ืืชื” ืžืชื—ื™ื™ื‘ ื›ื™ ืœื ืชื”ื ืœืš ืื• ืœืžื™ ืžื˜ืขืžืš ื›ืœ ื˜ืขื ื” ืื• ื“ืจื™ืฉื” ื ื’ื“ ื”ืืชืจ

ืชื ืื™ ื”ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื ื‘ืชืงื ื•ืŸ ื–ื”, ื”ื ื”ื›ืœืœื™ื ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ื™ื ืืฉืจ ื™ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื• ืืช ื‘ืขืœื™ ื”ืขืกืง ื•ืžืคืขื™ืœื™ ื”ืืชืจ, ื›ืœืคื™ ื”ืžืฉืชืžืฉื™ื ื‘ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื”ืืชืจ.

ืฉื™ื ืœื‘ ื›ื™ ืชื ืื™ ื”ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ืขืœื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ืฉืชื ื•ืช ืžืขืช ืœืขืช ืข"ืค ืฉื™ืงื•ืœ ื”ื“ืขืช ื”ื‘ืœืขื“ื™ ืฉืœ ืžืคืขื™ืœื™ ื”ืืชืจ ื•ืœืœื ืฆื•ืจืš ื‘ื”ื•ื“ืขื”.
ื”ืขืจื”:ย ื”ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื ื™ื—ื•ืœื• ืขืœ ืžื•ืฆืจื™ื/ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืฉื ืจื›ืฉื• ืœืื—ืจ ื”ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ื‘ืœื‘ื“.

ืื ืื™ื ืš ืžืกื›ื™ื ืœืชื ืื™ ื”ืชืงื ื•ืŸ, ื”ื ืš ืžืชื‘ืงืฉ ืœื ืœื”ื™ืจืฉื ืœืืชืจ ืื• ืœื‘ืฆืข ื”ื–ืžื ื•ืช.

ืžืงื•ื ื”ืฉื™ืคื•ื˜ ื”ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ื™ ื•ื”ื‘ืœืขื“ื™ ื‘ื’ื™ืŸ ื›ืœ ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ื ื•ื‘ืข ืžื”ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ืืชืจ, ื”ื•ื ืืš ื•ืจืง ื‘ื‘ืชื™ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ ื”ืžื•ืกืžื›ื™ื ื‘ืชืœ ืื‘ื™ื‘ ื•ืขืœ ื”ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ืืชืจ ื™ื—ื•ืœื• ืืš ื•ืจืง ื“ื™ื ื™ ืžื“ื™ื ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ.

ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ืืชืจ

ืขืœ ื”ืžืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ืืชืจ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื’ื™ืœ 18 ื•ืžืขืœื”, ื•ื‘ืชื ืื™ ื›ื™ ื”ื™ื ื• ื‘ืขืœ ื›ืฉืจื•ืช ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ืช.

ืขืœ ื”ืžืฉืชืžืฉ ืœื”ืชื’ื•ืจืจ ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ืœื”ื—ื–ื™ืง ื‘ืช.ื– ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ืช, ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ ืขืœื™ื• ืœื”ื—ื–ื™ืง ื›ืจื˜ื™ืก ืืฉืจืื™ ื‘ืชื•ืงืฃ ืฉื”ื•ื ืคืง ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ.

ืขืœ ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ื”ืžืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ืœื‘ื“ ืœืฉืžื•ืจ ืขืœ ืกื•ื“ื™ื•ืช ื”ืกื™ืกืžื ื•ืฉื ื”ืžืฉืชืžืฉ ืœืืชืจ.

ืืกื•ืจ ืœืžืฉืชืžืฉ ืœืคืชื•ื— ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ืœื›ืœ ื’ื•ืจื ืฆื“ ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ ืœืœื ื”ืกื›ืžืชื• ื”ืžืคื•ืจืฉืช.

ื”ืžืฉืชืžืฉ ืœื ื™ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ืคืจื˜ื™ื ื•ืกืกืžืื•ืช ืฉืœ ืžืฉืชืžืฉื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื ื‘ื ื™ื’ื•ื“ ืœื—ื•ืง.

ื”ืžืฉืชืžืฉ ืžืกื™ืจ ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ืžื”ืืชืจ, ื‘ื›ืœ ื ื•ืฉื ืฉืœ ืชืงืœื” ื˜ื›ื ื™ืช/ื”ืคืจืขื”/ื ืคื™ืœืช ื”ืืชืจ, ืœืจื‘ื•ืช ืชืงืœื•ืช ื”ืขืœื•ืœื•ืช ืœื”ื™ื’ืจื ืข"ื™ ืฆื“ ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ ื”ืžืกืคืง ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ืื—ืกื•ืŸ, ืชื•ื›ื ื”, ืงื•ื•ื™ ืชืงืฉื•ืจืช ื•/ืื• ื›ืœ ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื ื•ืกืฃ.

ื”ืžืฉืชืžืฉ ืžืกื™ืจ ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ืžื”ื—ื‘ืจื”, ื‘ื›ืœ ื ื•ืฉื ืฉืœ ื”ืชืงืคื•ืช ื•ื ื™ืกื™ื•ื ื•ืช ืคืจื™ืฆื” ืžืฆื“ ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื ืืœ ื”ืืชืจ, ืจืฉืชื•ืช ื”ืชืงืฉื•ืจืช, ืžื—ืฉื‘ื™ื ื•ืฉืจืชื™ื.

ื”ื—ื‘ืจื”ย ื ื•ืงื˜ืช ื‘ืžืกืคืจ ืืžืฆืขื™ ืื‘ื˜ื—ื” ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืœืฉืžื•ืจ ืขืœ ืคืจื˜ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ืฉื™ื•ื–ืŸ ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืžืฉืชืžืฉื™ื ื‘ืืชืจ, ืื•ืœื ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืœื“ืขืช ื›ื™ ืœื ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื”ื‘ื˜ื™ื— ื–ืืช ืœื—ืœื•ื˜ื™ืŸ ื•ื™ื™ืชื›ื ื• ืคืจื™ืฆื•ืช ืื‘ื˜ื—ื” ื•ื—ื“ื™ืจื•ืช ืœืžื™ื“ืข.

ื”ื—ื‘ืจื”ย ืื™ื ื” ืžืชื—ื™ื™ื‘ืช ืฉื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื•ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ื‘ืืชืจ ืื• ื‘ืฉืจืชื™ ืฆื“ ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ ื”ืžืื—ืกืŸ ืื•ืชื, ื™ื”ื™ื• ื—ืกื™ื ื™ื ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืžื•ื—ืœื˜ ืžืคื ื™ ื’ื™ืฉื” ื‘ืœืชื™ ืžื•ืจืฉื™ืช ืœืžื™ื“ืข ื”ืžืื•ื—ืกืŸ ื‘ื”ื.

ื‘ื’ืœื™ืฉื” ื‘ืืชืจ, ื‘ื”ืจืฉืžื” ื•ื‘ื”ืขืœืืช ืชื•ื›ืŸ ื•/ืื• ืžื™ื“ืข , ื”ืžืฉืชืžืฉ ืคื•ื˜ืจ ืืชย ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ื•/ืื• ืžื™ ืžื˜ืขืžื ืžืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ืœื›ืœ ื ื–ืง ืฉื™ื™ื’ืจื ืœื• ื•/ืื• ืœืžื™ ืžื˜ืขืžื• ืขืงื‘ ื”ืชืงืคื•ืช, ื ื™ืกื™ื•ื ื•ืช ืคืจื™ืฆื” ื•ื—ื“ื™ืจื•ืช ืœืžื™ื“ืข ื›ืืžื•ืจ ื•ืžื•ื•ืชืจื™ื ืขืœ ื›ืœ ื˜ืขื ื” ื›ื ื’ื“ย ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ื•/ืื• ืžื™ ืžื˜ืขืžื• ื‘ืงืฉืจ ืœื›ืš.

ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ืชื•ื›ืœ ื‘ื›ืœ ืจื’ืข ื ืชื•ืŸ ื•ืข"ืค ืฉื™ืงื•ืœ ื“ืขืชื” ื‘ืœื‘ื“ ื•ืœืœื ืฆื•ืจืš ื‘ื”ื•ื“ืขื”, ืœื”ืกื™ืจ ื›ืœ ืชื•ื›ืŸ/ืชื’ื•ื‘ื” ืฉืคื•ืจืกืžื” ืข"ื™ ืžืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ืืชืจ, ืœืจื‘ื•ืช ืžื—ื™ืงืช/ื”ืฉื”ื™ื™ืช ื”ืžืฉืชืžืฉ.

ื—ืœืง ืžื”ื”ื•ื“ืขื•ืช ื•ื”ืคืจืกื•ืžื™ื ืฉื ืฉืœื—ื™ื ืืœื™ืš, ืขืฉื•ื™ื™ื ืœื”ื›ื™ืœ "ืขื•ื’ื™ื•ืช" ื›ื“ื•ื’ืžืช "ืขื•ื’ื™ื•ืช ื–ื™ื”ื•ื™" ืขืœ ื”ื“ืคื“ืคืŸ ืฉืœืš.

ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ืื™ื ื” ืฉื•ืžืจืช ืืช ืคืจื˜ื™ ื›ืจื˜ื™ืกื™ ื”ืืฉืจืื™ ืฉืœ ื”ืžืฉืชืžืฉื™ื ื‘ืฉืจืชื™ ื”ืขืกืง ืื• ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืงื•ื ืื—ืจ.

ื”ืืชืจ ืžืฉืžืฉ ื›ืžืชื•ื•ืš ื‘ื™ืŸ ืกืคืงื™ ืฆื“ ื’'- ื™ืฆืจื ื™ื, ืžื•ื›ืจื™ื ื‘ืกื™ื˜ื•ื ืื•ืช, ื•ืžืคืขืœื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื, ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ืœืงื•ื—ื•ืช ื”ืžืฉืชืžืฉื™ื ื‘ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื”ืืชืจ ื•/ืื• ืžื‘ืฆืขื™ื ื”ื–ืžื ืช ืžื•ืฆืจ/ื™ื ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื”ืืชืจ (ืœื”ืœืŸ:"ื”ืžืฉืชืžืฉ") ืฉืœ ืžื•ืฆืจื™ื ืœืฆื•ืจืš ื™ื‘ื•ื ืื™ืฉื™ ื•ืœื ืžืกื—ืจื™.

ืžืฉืชืžืฉื™ื ืืฉืจ ืจื•ื›ืฉื™ื ืžื•ืฆืจื™ื/ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื“ืจืš ืืชืจ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื”, ื›ืคื•ืคื™ื ื’ื ืœืชื ืื™ ื”ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ืฉืœ ื”ืฉื•ืชืคื™ื.

ื›ืœ ื”ื–ืžื ื” ื‘ืืชืจ ื›ืคื•ืคื” ืœื—ื•ืงื™ ืžื“ื™ื ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ. ื›ืœ ืžืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ืืชืจ ื ื“ืจืฉ ืœื‘ื“ื•ืง ืืช ืขืœื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžื™ืกื•ื™, ื”ืžื›ืก, ื”ืžืขโ€ืž ื•ืขืœื•ื™ื•ืช ืื—ืจื•ืช ื‘ื˜ืจื ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ื”ื–ืžื ื”. ืœืžื™ื“ืข ื ื•ืกืฃ, ืžืฆ"ื‘ ืœื ื•ื—ื™ื•ืชื›ื ืงื™ืฉื•ืจ ืœืืชืจ ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืžื™ืกื™ื,ย ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืœื—ื™ืฆื” ืขืœ ื”ืงื™ืฉื•ืจ

ื”ื–ืžื ื” ื‘ืืชืจ:

ืœืฆื“ ื›ืœ ืžื•ืฆืจ ืžื•ืคื™ืข ืžื—ื™ืจื•, ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ืžื—ื™ืจ ื›ื•ืœืœ ืžืก ืขืจืš ืžื•ืกืฃ (ืžืข"ืž) ืืœื ืื ืฆื•ื™ืŸ ืื—ืจืช. ืขื ื–ืืช ื”ืžืคืขื™ืœื” ืจืฉืื™ืช ืœืฉื ื•ืช ืืช ืžื—ื™ืจื• ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ืžื•ืฆืจ ื‘ื›ืœ ืขืช ื•ืขืœ ืคื™ ืฉื™ืงื•ืœ ื“ืขืชื” ื”ื‘ืœืขื“ื™ ืžื‘ืœื™ ืฉืœืžืฉืชืžืฉ ื™ื”ื™ื• ื˜ืขื ื•ืช ื ื’ื“ื” ื‘ืฉืœ ื›ืš. ื™ื•ื‘ื”ืจ ื›ื™ ื”ืžื•ืขื“ ื”ืงื•ื‘ืข ืœืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืžื—ื™ืจ ื”ืžื•ืฆืจ ื”ื•ื ืžื•ืขื“ ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ื”ื”ื–ืžื ื” ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืžื–ืžื™ืŸ ื•ืœื ืžื•ืขื“ ื”ื•ืกืคืชื• ืœืกืœ ื”ืงื ื™ื•ืช.

ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ื”ื™ื ืœื ื”ื™ืฆืจื ื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืžื•ืฆืจื™ื ืฉื ืžื›ืจื™ื ื‘ืืชืจ.
ืœืžืจื•ืช ืฉืื ื• ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื‘ื›ื“ื™ ืœื•ื•ื“ื ืฉื”ืžื™ื“ืข ืขืœ ื”ืžื•ืฆืจ ื‘ืืชืจ ืฉืœื ื• ื”ื•ื ืžื“ื•ื™ืง,
ื™ืฆืจื ื™ื ืขืฉื•ื™ื™ื ืœื ืœื“ื™ื™ืง ืื• ืœืฉื ื•ืช ืืช ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ืฉื”ื ืžื—ืœื™ื˜ื™ื ืœืจืฉื•ื ื‘ื“ืฃ ื”ืžื•ืฆืจ.
ืืจื™ื–ื•ืช ื”ืžื•ืฆืจ ื•ื”ื—ื•ืžืจื™ื ืขืฉื•ื™ื™ื ืœื›ืœื•ืœ ืžื™ื“ืข ื ื•ืกืฃ ืื• ืฉื•ื ื” ืžื”ืžื™ื“ืข ืฉืžื•ืฆื’ ื‘ื“ืคื™ ื”ืžื•ืฆืจ ื‘ืืชืจ.
ืœืžื•ืฆืจื™ื ืจืคื•ืื™ื™ื ืื• ืขื ื”ืฉืœื›ื•ืช ืจืคื•ืื™ื•ืช- ื”ืชื•ื›ืŸ ื‘ืืชืจ ืฉืœื ื• ืื™ื ื• ืžืฉืžืฉ ืœืื‘ื—ื ื”, ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ, ืจื™ืคื•ื™ ืื• ืžื ื™ืขื” ืฉืœ ืฉื•ื ื‘ืขื™ื” ืจืคื•ืื™ืช ืื• ืื—ืจืช.
ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ืื™ื ื• ืžื—ืœื™ืฃ ื™ื™ืขื•ืฅ ืจืคื•ืื™ ื•ืื ื• ืžืžืœื™ืฆื™ื ืœื”ืชื™ื™ืขืฅ ืขื ืจื•ืคื ืื• ืื™ืฉ ืžืงืฆื•ืข ืžื•ืกืžืš ืœืคื ื™ ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ื›ืœ ืžื•ืฆืจ ืฉื‘ื ืฉืžื’ืข ืขื ื”ื’ื•ืฃ.
ืขืœื™ื›ื ืชืžื™ื“ ืœืงืจื•ื ืืช ื”ืžื™ื“ืข, ืื–ื”ืจื•ืช ื•ื”ื ื—ื™ื•ืช ืฉืžืฆื•ืจืคื™ื ืœืžื•ืฆืจ ืœืคื ื™ ื”ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ื• ื•ืœื ืœื”ืกืชืžืš ืจืง ืขืœ ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ืฉื ืžืฆื ื‘ืืชืจ ืฉืœื ื•.
ืื ืืชื ืžืจื’ื™ืฉื™ื ืฉืื—ื“ ืื• ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื”ืžื•ืฆืจื™ื ืฉื ื—ืฉืคืชื ืืœื™ื”ื ื‘ืืชืจ, ื”ื™ื ื• ืคื•ื’ืขื ื™, ืžื˜ืขื” ืื• ืœื ื—ื•ืงื™, ืื ื• ืžื–ืžื™ื ื™ื ืืชื›ื ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ืื™ืชื ื• ืงืฉืจ ื‘ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื ื•ื›ืœ ืœื˜ืคืœ ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ื‘ื”ืงื“ื ื”ืืคืฉืจื™.

ื›ืœ ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ ื‘ืืชืจ ืœื’ื‘ื™ ืžื•ืฆืจื™ื ืœืจื‘ื•ืช ื˜ื™ื‘ื ื•ืื™ื›ื•ืชื, ื”ืชืงื‘ืœ ื™ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ืžื”ืฉื•ืชืคื™ื.
ืžืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ืืชืจ, ืžืกื™ืจ ืžื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ืœื’ื‘ื™ ืื™-ื“ื™ื•ืงื™ื/ืื™-ื”ืชืืžื•ืช ื‘ืคืจื˜ื™ื ืฉืžื•ืฆื’ื™ื ื‘ืืชืจ ื‘ื™ื—ืก ืœืžื•ืฆืจื™ื, ืœืจื‘ื•ืช ืชืžื•ื ื•ืช ื•ืžืคืจื˜ื™ ืžื•ืฆืจื™ื ืฉื”ื•ืฆื’ื• ื‘ื“ืคื™ ื”ืžื›ื™ืจื” ื•ื›ื™ื•"ื‘.

ื‘ืขืช ื”ื–ืžื ื” ื‘ืืชืจ ืขืœ ื”ืžืฉืชืžืฉ ืœื”ื–ื™ืŸ ืืช ืคืจื˜ื™ื•(ื›ื’ื•ืŸ: ืฉื ืžืœื, ื›ืชื•ื‘ืช ืžื’ื•ืจื™ื ืขื“ื›ื ื™ืช, ืžืกืคืจ ื˜ืœืคื•ืŸ, ื›ืชื•ื‘ืช ื“ื•ื"ืœ ืคืขื™ืœื” ื•ื›ืœ ืžื™ื“ืข ื ื•ืกืฃ ืฉื™ื“ืจืฉ ืœื˜ื•ื‘ืช ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ื”ื”ื–ืžื ื”).

ืœืื—ืจ ืžื›ืŸ ื—ืœืง ืžื”ืคืจื˜ื™ื ืฉื”ื•ื–ื ื• ื™ื•ืขื‘ืจื• ืืœ ื”ืฉื•ืชืคื™ื, ืœื˜ื•ื‘ืช ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ื”ืžืฉืœื•ื—. ืœื›ืŸ ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืžืื•ื“ ืœืžืœื ืคืจื˜ื™ื ืžื“ื•ื™ืงื™ื ื•ื ื›ื•ื ื™ื.
ื”ืขืจื”:ย ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื‘ืฆืข ื”ื–ืžื ื•ืช ืœื›ืชื•ื‘ื•ืช ืžื’ื•ืจื™ื ื‘ืชื•ืš ืžื“ื™ื ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ืœื‘ื“.

ืขื“ 48 ืฉืขื•ืช ืžืžื•ืขื“ ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ื”ื”ื–ืžื ื”, ื”ืžืฉืชืžืฉ ื™ืงื‘ืœ ื‘ื“ื•ืืจ ื”ืืœืงื˜ืจื•ื ื™ ืฉืžืกืจ ืืช ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ื”ื”ื–ืžื ื”, ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ื”ื–ืžื ื” ื–ื” ืžื”ื•ื•ื” ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ืกื•ืคื™ ื•ืžื•ื—ืœื˜.

ื‘ืžื™ื“ื” ื•ืžื•ืฆืจ ืฉื”ื–ืžื ืช ืื™ื ื• ื ืžืฆื ื‘ืžืœืื™, ืื• ืฉืžืกื™ื‘ื” ื›ื–ืืช ืื• ืื—ืจืช ืื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ื”ืกืคืง ืœืกืคืง ืืช ื”ืžื•ืฆืจ, ืชื•ืฆืข ืœืš ืื•ืคืฆื™ื” ืœืงื‘ืœืช ืžื•ืฆืจ ื—ืœื•ืคื™ ืื• ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœ ื”ืขืกืงื”.

ื‘ืžื™ื“ื” ื•ืชื—ืœื™ื˜ ืขืœ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœ โ€“ ื™ื‘ื•ืฆืข ื–ื™ื›ื•ื™ ืžืœื ื‘ื›ืจื˜ื™ืก ื”ืืฉืจืื™ ืฉืœืš.
ื”ืขืจื”:ย ืœืžืขื˜ ืงื‘ืœืช ืžื•ืฆืจ ื—ืœื•ืคื™ ืื• ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœ ืขืกืงื” ื›ืืžื•ืจ, ืœื ืชื”ื™ื” ืœืš ื›ืœ ื˜ืขื ื”, ืชื‘ื™ืขื” ื•/ืื• ื“ืจื™ืฉื”, ื›ืœืคื™ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื”.

ื”ื–ืžืŸ ืขื“ ืงื‘ืœืช ื”ื›ืกืฃ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื™ ื”ืชืฉืœื•ื, ืœืคืขืžื™ื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ืชืขื›ื‘ ื‘ืฉืœ ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ื—ื™ืฆื•ื ื™ื™ื ื•ืขืœื•ืœ ืœื”ืชืขื›ื‘ ืขื“ ืžืฉืš ืฉืœ 45 ื™ืžื™ ืขืกืงื™ื.

ืœืื—ืจ ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ื”ื–ืžื ื”, ื™ืชื‘ืฆืข ืจื™ืฉื•ื ืื•ื˜ื•ืžื˜ื™ ืœืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื“ื™ื•ื•ืจ ื”ืืœืงื˜ืจื•ื ื™ ืฉืœ ื”ืืชืจ.
ื”ืจื™ืฉื•ื ื”ื›ืจื—ื™ ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืœืขื“ื›ืŸ ืืช ื”ื ืจืฉื ืื• ื”ืจื•ื›ืฉ ืขืœ ืฉืœื‘ื™ ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ื”ื–ืžื ื” ื›ื•ืœืœ ืžืฉืœื•ื— ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ื•ืช, ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ื”ื–ืžื ื”, ืžืขืงื‘ ืžืฉืœื•ื—ื™ื ื•ื›ื•โ€™.

ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ, ื”ืจื™ืฉื•ื ืœื“ื™ื•ื•ืจ ื”ืืœืงื˜ืจื•ื ื™ ื™ืืคืฉืจ ืœืืชืจ ื•ืœืฆื•ื•ืช ืฉืœย ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ืœืฉืœื•ื— ืžื™ื“ืข ืคืจืกื•ืžื™ ื•ืฉื™ื•ื•ืงื™. ืื ื• ืžืชื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ื ืœื ืœื”ืขื‘ื™ืจ ืืช ืคืจื˜ื™ ื”ืจื™ืฉื•ื ืœืืฃ ื—ื‘ืจื” ืื—ืจืช.

ืืคืฉืจ ืœื”ืชื ืชืง ืžื”ื“ื™ื•ื•ืจ ื”ืืœืงื˜ืจื•ื ื™ ื”ืฉื™ื•ื•ืงื™ ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืœื—ื™ืฆื” ืขืœ ืงื™ืฉื•ืจ ืฉื ืžืฆื ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ื•ื“ืขื” ืฉื™ื•ื•ืงื™ืช ืฉืชืฉืœื— ืืœื™ืš. ืื™ืŸ ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ืœื”ืชื ืชืง ืžืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื”ื•ื“ืขื•ืช ืขืœ ืžืฆื‘ ื”ื”ื–ืžื ื” ื•ื”ืžืฉืœื•ื—ื™ื.

ืื™ืŸ ื”ืืชืจ ืื—ืจืื™ ืขืœ ื˜ื™ื‘ ื”ืžื•ืฆืจื™ื, ื–ืžื ื™ ื”ืžืฉืœื•ื— (ืœืจื‘ื•ืช ืขื™ื›ื•ื‘ื™ื ื”ื ื•ื‘ืขื™ื ืžื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื) ืื• ืื™ื—ื•ืจ ื‘ืืกืคืงื” ื•ื›ืœ ื ื–ืง ืฉื™ื™ื’ืจื ืœืœืงื•ื— ื‘ืฉืœ ื›ืš.

ื”ื’ื‘ืœืช ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช

ื”ืชืžื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืžื•ืคื™ืขื•ืช ื‘ืืชืจ ื”ื™ื ืŸ ืœืฉื ื”ืžื—ืฉื” ื‘ืœื‘ื“. ื™ื™ืชื›ื ื• ื”ื‘ื“ืœื™ ืฆื‘ืขื™ื ื•ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžืจืื” ื”ืžื•ืฆืจ ื‘ืชืžื•ื ื” ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืžื•ืฆืจ ื‘ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช.

ื”ืขืกืง ืœื ื™ื”ื™ื” ืื—ืจืื™ ืœื˜ืขื•ื™ื•ืช ืงื•ืœืžื•ืก ื‘ืžืคืจื˜ื™ื ื•ื”ืคืจื˜ื™ื ื”ื˜ื›ื ื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ืžื•ืฆืจ ื•ืžื•ืฆืจ. ืžื•ืกื›ื ื›ื™ ื”ืœืงื•ื— ืื• ืฆื“ ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ ืžื•ื•ืชืจ ื‘ื–ืืช ืขืœ ื˜ืขื ื” ื•/ืื• ืชื‘ื™ืขื” ื‘ื’ื™ืŸ ื˜ืขื•ืช ืงื•ืœืžื•ืก ื›ืืžื•ืจ.

ื”ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ืœื›ืœ ื”ืžื•ืฆืจื™ื ื”ืžื•ืฆืขื™ื ื‘ืืชืจ ื—ืœื” ืขืœ ื”ื™ืฆืจื ื™ื ื•ื”ืกืคืงื™ื ื‘ืœื‘ื“.

ืžื•ืกื›ื ื‘ื–ืืช ื›ื™ ื›ืœ ืขื™ื›ื•ื‘ ืื• ืื™ ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ืฉืœ ืืกืคืงืช ืžื•ืฆืจ ืฉื ืจื›ืฉ ื‘ืืชืจ ืฉื ื‘ืขื• ืžื›ื•ื— ืขืœื™ื•ืŸ ืœืจื‘ื•ืช ืžื–ื’ ืื•ื™ืจ ื—ืจื™ื’, ืฉื‘ื™ืชื•ืช ืืฆืœ ื ื•ืชื ื™ ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื”ืฉื•ื ื™ื ืื• ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืฉื™ื ื‘ืœืชื™ ืฆืคื•ื™ื™ื ื‘ืžื—ืฉื‘ ื”ืืชืจ ืœื ื™ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื• ืืช ื”ืขืกืง, ื•ื”ืœืงื•ื— ืื• ืžื™ ืžื˜ืขืžื• ืื• ืฆื“ ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ ืžื•ื•ืชืจื™ื ื‘ื–ืืช ืขืœ ื›ืœ ื˜ืขื ื” ื•/ืื• ืชื‘ื™ืขื” ื‘ืฉืœ ื›ืš.

ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ืžื•ืฆืจ

ื”ืžื•ืฆืจ ืžืกื•ืคืง ื›ืฉื”ื•ื ื—ื“ืฉ ื•ืชืงื™ืŸ ื‘ื”ืชืื ืœื”ื•ืจืื•ืช ื—ื•ืง ื”ื’ื ืช ื”ืฆืจื›ืŸ, ื•ื›ื•ืœืœ ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ืœืคื’ืžื™ื ืžื”ื•ืชื™ื™ื ืฉื ื’ืจืžื• ื‘ืžื•ืขื“ ื”ื™ื™ืฆื•ืจ ืื• ื”ืžืกื™ืจื” ื‘ืœื‘ื“.ย ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ื•/ืื• ืžื™ ืžื˜ืขืžื” ืœื ื™ื”ื™ื• ืื—ืจืื™ื ืœื ื–ืง ื™ืฉื™ืจ ื•/ืื• ืขืงื™ืฃ ืฉื™ื’ืจื ื›ืชื•ืฆืื” ืžืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื•/ืื• ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ืžื•ืฆืจ ืฉื ืจื›ืฉ ื‘ืืชืจ, ื•ื”ืืžื•ืจ ื‘ื• ืื• ืžื•ืฆื’ ื‘ื•, ืื™ื ื• ืžื”ื•ื•ื” ื—ื•ื•ืช ื“ืขืช ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ืช.

ื‘. ืชื ืื™ื ื ื•ืกืคื™ื

ื”ืขืกืง ื•ืžื ื”ืœื™ ื”ืืชืจ ืœื ื™ื™ืฉืื• ื‘ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ืขืงื™ืคื” ืื• ื™ืฉื™ืจื” ื›ืœืคื™ ื”ืžื–ืžื™ืŸ ืื• ื›ืœืคื™ ืฆื“ ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืงืจื” ืฉืœ ื›ืฉืœ ื‘ื”ื–ืžื ื” ืื• ื‘ืืกืคืงื” ื‘ืฉืœ ื›ื•ื— ืขืœื™ื•ืŸ ืœืจื‘ื•ืช ืชืงืœื•ืช ื‘ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืžื—ืฉื‘ื™ื, ื”ื˜ืœืคื•ืŸ, ื‘ืฉืœ ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื”ืืฉืจืื™ ืื• ื‘ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ื’ื•ืจื ืื—ืจ ื”ืงืฉื•ืจ ื‘ื”ืฉืœืžืช ืคืขื•ืœืช ื”ืจื›ื™ืฉื” ื•ื”ืืกืคืงื”.

ืžื•ืกื›ื ื‘ื–ืืช ื›ื™ ื”ื–ืžื ื” ื•ืจื›ื™ืฉื” ื“ืจืš ื”ืืชืจ ืื™ื ื” ื•ืœื ืชื”ื•ื•ื” ื—ื•ื–ื” ืœื˜ื•ื‘ืช ืฆื“ ืฉืœื™ืฉื™` ืื—ืจ.

ื”ืขืกืง ืฉื•ืžืจ ืœืขืฆืžื• ืืช ื”ื–ื›ื•ืช ืœืฉื ื•ืช ืืช ื”ืชืงื ื•ืŸ ืžืคืขื ืœืคืขื ืขืค"ื™ ืฉื™ืงื•ืœ ื“ืขืชื•.

ื›ืœ ืžื™ื“ืข ื•/ืื• ืชื•ื›ืŸ ื•ืื• ืชืžื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืžื•ืคื™ืขื™ื ื‘ืืชืจ, ืœืจื‘ื•ืช ื’ืจืคื™ืงื”, ืขื™ืฆื•ื‘, ืกื™ืžื ื™ ืžืกื—ืจ, ืกื™ืžื ื™ ืœื•ื’ื• ืœืจื‘ื•ืช ืขืจื™ื›ืชื ื•ืื•ืคืŸ ื”ืฆื’ืชื ื‘ืืชืจ,ื”ื ื ื‘ื‘ืขืœื•ืชื ื”ื‘ืœืขื“ื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืืชืจ ืื• ื”ืขืกืง.

ืžืฉืœื•ื—ื™ื

ื–ืžืŸ ื”ืžืฉืœื•ื— ืื•ืจืšย ื‘ื“ืจ''ื›ย ืขื“ 14 ื™ืžื™ ืขืกืงื™ื. ืžืžื•ืขื“ ืฉืœื™ื—ืช ื”ืžื•ืฆืจ.

ืืกืคืงื” ืขื“ ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืœืงื•ื— ืคื•ืขืœืช ื‘ืžืกืคืจ ืžืฆื•ืžืฆื ืฉืœ ื™ื™ืฉื•ื‘ื™ื, ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื”ืžืฉืœื•ื—ื™ื ื™ื’ื™ืขื• ืืœ ื ืงื•ื“ืช ืื™ืกื•ืฃ (ืœืจื‘ื•ืช ืกื ื™ืคื™ ื“ื•ืืจ).
ืžืจื’ืข ื”ื”ื–ืžื ื”, ื–ืžืŸ ื”ืฉื™ืœื•ื— ื”ืขื•ืžื“ ืœื—ื‘ืจื” ื”ื™ื ื• 5 ื™ืžื™ ืขืกืงื™ื.
ื‘ื—ืœืง ืžื”ืžืงืจื™ื ืขืœื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืขื™ื›ื•ื‘ื™ื ืื• ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื ื‘ืœืชื™ ืฆืคื•ื™ื™ื, ื›ืžื• ืœืžืฉืœ ืขื™ื›ื•ื‘ื™ื ืžืฆื“ ื“ื•ืืจ ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ืœื•ื— ืื• ื”ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ื”ืฉื•ื ื™ื ื‘ืชื”ืœื™ืš.

ื”ืžื•ืขื“ ื”ืžืื•ื—ืจ ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœืืกืคืงืช ื”ืžื•ืฆืจ/ื™ื ื”ื•ื ืœื›ืœย  ื”ื™ื•ืชืจย 35 ื™ืžื™ ืขืกืงื™ื ืžืžื•ืขื“ ืฉืœื™ื—ืช ื”ืžื•ืฆืจ.
ื‘ืžืงืจื” ื›ื–ื” ื™ืฉ ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ืงืฉืจ ืขื ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืœืงื•ื—ื•ืช, ื•ื ืขื ื™ืง ืœืš ืœื‘ื—ื™ืจืชืšย ื”ื—ื–ืจ ื›ืกืคื™ ืžืœื ืื• ืฉืœื™ื—ื” ืžื—ื•ื“ืฉืช.
ื”ื”ื–ืžื ื•ืช ื ืฉืœื—ื•ืช ื™ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ืžื”ืกืคืง ื‘ื—ื•"ืœ.
ื‘ื”ื–ืžื ื” ืฉืœ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืžื•ืฆืจ ืื—ื“, ื™ื™ืชื›ืŸ ื•ื”ืžื•ืฆืจื™ื ื™ื™ืฉืœื—ื• ื‘ื—ื‘ื™ืœื•ืช ื ืคืจื“ื•ืช.

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ื”ื–ืžื ืช ื”ืžื•ืฆืจื™ื

ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืœืจื›ื•ืฉ ืžื•ืฆืจื™ื ื‘ืืชืจ ื™ืฉ ืœื‘ื—ื•ืจ ืžื•ืฆืจื™ื ืžื‘ื™ืŸ ืืœื” ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ื™ื ื‘ืืชืจ ื•ืœื”ื•ืกื™ืคื ืœืขื’ืœืช ื”ืงื ื™ื•ืช. ืœืื—ืจ ืžื›ืŸ, ื™ืฉ ืœืคื ื•ืช ืœืขืžื•ื“ ืงื•ืคืช ื”ืชืฉืœื•ื ืฉื‘ืืชืจ, ื‘ื• ื™ืฉ ืœืžืœื ืžืกืคืจ ืคืจื˜ื™ื ืœืจื‘ื•ืช ื›ืชื•ื‘ืช ื“ื•ืืจ ืืœืงื˜ืจื•ื ื™ ืขื“ื›ื ื™ืช, ื›ืชื•ื‘ืช, ื›ืชื•ื‘ืช ืœืžืฉืœื•ื—, ืžืก' ื˜ืœืคื•ืŸ ื•ืคืจื˜ื™ ื›ืจื˜ื™ืก ืืฉืจืื™. ืื ื”ืžืฉืœื•ื— ืžืžื•ืขืŸ ืœืื—ืจ ืฉืื™ื ื• ื”ืจื•ื›ืฉ, ื™ืฉ ืœืฆื™ื™ืŸ ื›ืชื•ื‘ืช ืžืœืื” ืฉืœ ื”ื ืžืขืŸ ื•ื›ืŸ ืืช ืžืกืคืจ ื”ื˜ืœืคื•ืŸ ืฉืœื•. ืคืจื˜ื™ื ืืœื” ื ื“ืจืฉื™ื ืœืฆื•ืจืš ืชื™ืื•ื ืžืฉืœื•ื—. ื›ืœ ื”ืคืจื˜ื™ื ื”ื ืžืกืจื™ื ื‘ืืชืจ ื‘ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื”ืจื›ื™ืฉื” ืžืื•ื‘ื˜ื—ื™ื ื‘ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื”ย ื”ืขื“ื›ื ื™ืช ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ. ืœืื—ืจ ืกื™ื•ื ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ื”ื”ื–ืžื ื” ื™ื™ืฉืœื— ืœืชื™ื‘ืช ื”ื“ื•ืืจ ื”ืืœืงื˜ืจื•ื ื™ ืฉืžืกืจ ื”ืจื•ื›ืฉ ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ืขืœ ืงืœื™ื˜ืช ื”ื”ื–ืžื ื”. ื”ื–ืžื ื” ื•ืคืขื•ืœืช ืจื›ื™ืฉื” ืชื—ืฉื‘ื ื” ื›ืžื•ืฉืœืžื•ืช ืจืง ืื ื”ืชืงื‘ืœ ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ืจื›ื™ืฉื” ืžื—ื‘ืจืช ื”ืืฉืจืื™. ื”ื™ื” ื•ืœื ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ื”ืขืกืง ืœืกืคืง ืืช ื”ืžื•ืฆืจ, ืœื ืชื—ื•ืœ ื—ื•ื‘ื” ืขืœ ื”ืขืกืง ืœืกืคืง ืืช ื”ืžื•ืฆืจ. ื‘ืžืงืจื” ื–ื” ืชื™ืฉืœื— ืืœ ื”ืžื–ืžื™ืŸ ื”ื•ื“ืขื” ืžืชืื™ืžื” ืœืชื™ื‘ืช ื”ื“ื•ืืจ ื”ืืœืงื˜ืจื•ื ื™ ืฉืžืกืจ.

ื”ื™ื” ื•ืžื•ืฆืจ ืื–ืœ ื‘ืžืœืื™ ืœืœื ืฆื™ื•ืŸ ื›ื™ ื”ืžื•ืฆืจ ืื™ื ื• ืงื™ื™ื ื‘ืžืœืื™, ื•ื”ืžื•ืฆืจ ืžื•ืคื™ืข ื‘ืืชืจ ื‘ืžื•ืขื“ ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ื”ื”ื–ืžื ื”, ืœื ืชื”ื™ื” ืœืžื–ืžื™ื ื” ื›ืœ ื˜ืขื ื” ื•/ืื• ืชื‘ื™ืขื” ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื–ื” ื‘ื’ื™ืŸ ื›ืœ ื ื–ืง ื™ืฉื™ืจ ืื• ืขืงื™ืฃ ืืฉืจ ื ื’ืจื ืœืžื–ืžื™ืŸ ืื• ืœืฆื“ ืฉืœื™ืฉื™.

ืžืกื™ืจืช ืคืจื˜ื™ื ืื™ืฉื™ื™ื ื›ื•ื–ื‘ื™ื ื”ืงืฉื•ืจื™ื ื‘ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื”ืจื›ื™ืฉื” ื”ื™ื ื” ืขื‘ื™ืจื” ืคืœื™ืœื™ืช ื•ืขื•ื•ืœื” ืื–ืจื—ื™ืช, ื‘ืžืงืจื” ืฉืœ ื˜ืขื•ืช ื‘ืฉื•ื’ื’ ืขืœ ื”ืœืงื•ื— ืœื”ื•ื“ื™ืข ืขืœ ื›ืš ืœื‘ื™ืช ื”ืขืกืง ื•ื›ืœ ืขืœื•ืช ื ื•ืกืคืช ืฉืชื™ื’ืจื ื‘ืขืงื‘ื•ืช ื›ืš, ืชื—ื•ื™ื‘ ืขืœ ื”ืœืงื•ื—.

ืžืกื™ืจืช ืžื™ื“ืข ื‘ืืชืจ ืžืื•ื‘ื˜ื— ื‘ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ืชย PCI ื”ืžืชืงื“ืžืช ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ, ื‘ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื” ื–ื• ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ ืคืจื˜ื™ ื”ื—ื™ื•ื‘ ืฉืœ ื”ืจื•ื›ืฉ ืžื•ืฆืคืŸ ื•ื ืžื—ืง ืžื™ื™ื“ ืœืื—ืจ ื”ืจื›ื™ืฉื”. ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ, ื”ืขืกืง ืžืชื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืœื ืงื•ื˜ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื™ ื–ื”ื™ืจื•ืช ืžืงื•ื‘ืœื™ื ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืœืฉืžื•ืจ ื‘ืกื•ื“ื™ื•ืช ื›ื›ืœ ื”ืืคืฉืจ ืžื™ื“ืข ืื™ืฉื™ ืื•ื“ื•ืช ื”ืœืงื•ื—.

ื‘. ืืกืคืงื” ื•ืžืฉืœื•ื—

ืœืื—ืจ ืกื™ื•ื ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ื”ื”ื–ืžื ื” ื•ื‘ื”ืชืงื™ื™ื ื”ืชื ืื™ื ื”ืžืฆื•ื™ื ื™ื ื‘ืคืจืง ื‘', ื™ื•ื–ืžื ื• ื”ืžื•ืฆืจื™ื ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืื™ืฉื™ ื•ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื”ืจื•ื›ืฉ/ืช ืžื”ื™ืฆืจืŸ ื‘ื—ื•"ืœ, ืืฉืจ ื™ืกืคืง ืืช ื”ืžื•ืฆืจื™ื ืขื“ ืœืคืชื— ื‘ื™ืชื” ื•/ืื• ื ืงื•ื“ืช ื”ื—ืœื•ืงื” ื”ืงืจื•ื‘ื” ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ, ื•ื–ืืช ืชื•ืšย 40 ื™ืžื™ ืขืกืงื™ื.

ืฆื•ื•ืช ื”ืืชืจ ื™ืคืขืœ ืœืฉื ืืกืคืงื” ืžื”ื™ืจื” ื›ื›ืœ ืฉื ื™ืชืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ืžื•ืฆืจ ืฉื ืจื›ืฉ, ื‘ื”ืชืื ืœืชื ืื™ื ื”ืžืคื•ืจื˜ื™ื ื‘ืขืžื•ื“ ืžืฉืœื•ื—ื™ื ื‘ืืชืจ ื•ืœืืคืฉืจื•ืช ืื•ืชื” ื‘ื—ืจ ื”ืžื–ืžื™ืŸ. ืžื•ื‘ื”ืจ ื•ืžื•ืกื›ื ื‘ื–ืืช ื›ื™ ืœืขืกืง ืื™ืŸ ืฉืœื™ื˜ื” ืขืœ ืžื•ืขื“ื™ ื”ืืกืคืงื” ื”ืžื“ื•ื™ืงื™ื ืฉืœ ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืžืฉืœื•ื—ื™ื ื•ืื™ืŸ ืœื• ื›ืœ ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ืขืœ ื›ืš.

ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืงืจื” ืฉืœ ืขื™ื›ื•ื‘ ื‘ืืกืคืงืช ื”ืžื•ืฆืจ ืžื—ื•ื™ื‘ ื”ืจื•ื›ืฉ ืœื”ื•ื“ื™ืข ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืžื™ื™ื“ื™ ืขืœ ื”ืขื™ื›ื•ื‘ ืขืœ-ืžื ืช ืœืชืช ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ืœืขืกืง ืœื ืกื•ืช ืœืคืชื•ืจ ืืช ื”ื‘ืขื™ื” ืžื•ืงื“ื ื•ื‘ื™ืขื™ืœื•ืช ื›ื›ืœ ืฉื ื™ืชืŸ.

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ื™ืžื™ ืขืกืงื™ื - ื™ืžื™ื ืจื’ื™ืœื™ื, ืœื ื›ื•ืœืœ ื™ืžื™ ืฉื™ืฉื™, ืฉื‘ืช, ื™ื•ื ืขื ืขืจื‘ ื—ื’, ื•ื™ืžื™ ื—ื’ื™ืย 

ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ื—ื–ืจื•ืชย ืžื•ืฆืจื™ื

ืื ืงื™ื‘ืœืช ืžื•ืฆืจ ืคื’ื•ื(ืžื•ืฆืจ ืฉื”ื’ื™ืข ืคื’ื•ื ื•ืœื ืžื•ืฆืจ ืฉื ืคื’ืข ืขืงื‘ ื”ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ื•) โ€“
ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื”ื—ืœื™ืฃ ืื•ืชื• ืœืžื•ืฆืจ ืชืงื™ืŸ ืื• ืœื”ื—ื–ื™ืจ ืื•ืชื• ื•ืœื‘ื˜ืœ ืืช ื”ืงื ื™ื™ื” ื‘ื›ืžื” ืฆืขื“ื™ื ืคืฉื•ื˜ื™ื. ื‘ื—ืœืง ืžื”ืžืงืจื™ื ื ืคืชื•ืจ ืœืš ืืช ื”ื‘ืขื™ื”, ื’ื ืœืœื ื”ืฆื•ืจืš ื‘ื”ื—ื–ืจืช ื”ืžื•ืฆืจ. ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืฉื ื•ื›ืœ ืœื˜ืคืœ ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ื•ืœืกืคืง ืคืชืจื•ืŸ, ื ื‘ืงืฉ ืžืžืš ืœืฆืจืฃ ืฆื™ืœื•ืžื™ื ืฉืžืžื—ื™ืฉื™ื ืืช ื”ืคื’ืžื™ื ื‘ืžื•ืฆืจ ืขื ืชื™ืื•ืจ ืฉืœ ื”ืชืงืœื”.

ืื ืกื™ื‘ืช ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœ ื”ื™ื ืœืœื ืคื’ืโ€“
ื™ื’ื‘ื• ื“ืžื™ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœ ื‘ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ 5% ืžืฉื•ื•ื™ ื”ืขืกืงื” ืื• 100 ืฉโ€ื— ืœืคื™ ื”ื ืžื•ืš ืžื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ื. ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ ื‘ืขืกืงืื•ืช ื‘ื›ืจื˜ื™ืก ื”ืืฉืจืื™ ื—ืœื” ืขืžืœืช ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœ ื ื•ืกืคืช ืžืฆื“ ื—ื‘ืจืช ื”ืืฉืจืื™.

ื”ื—ื–ืจืช ื”ืžื•ืฆืจ ืžืชืืคืฉืจืช ื‘ื˜ื•ื•ื— ืฉืœ 14 ื™ื•ื ืžื™ื•ื ืงื‘ืœืช ื”ืžื•ืฆืจ ื‘ื›ืคื•ืฃ ืœื”ื•ืจืื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืง ืœื”ื’ื ืช ื”ืฆืจื›ืŸ.
ื›ืคื™ ืฉืžืฆื•ื™ืŸ ื‘ื—ื•ืง ื”ืžืœืย ื‘ืงื™ืฉื•ืจ ื”ืžืฆื•ืจืฃ

ื‘ื›ื“ื™ ืœืžื ื•ืข ืื™ ื ืขื™ืžื•ืช, ื ื‘ืงืฉ ืœื•ื•ื“ื ื›ื™ ื”ืžื•ืฆืจ ืœื ื ืคื’ืข ื›ืชื•ืฆืื” ืžืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื•ื›ื™ ืœื ื‘ื•ืฆืข ื‘ื• ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ืžืกื•ื’ ื›ืœืฉื”ื•(ืžื•ื‘ื”ืจ ื›ื™ ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืœื—ืฉืžืœ, ื’ื– ื•ืžื™ื ื™ื™ื—ืฉื‘ ืœืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ)
ื”ื—ื–ืจืช ื”ืžื•ืฆืจ ื‘ืืจื™ื–ืชื• ื”ืžืงื•ืจื™ืช, ืžืฆื‘ื™ืขื” ืขืœ ืื™ ืขืฉื™ื™ืช ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ืžื•ืฆืจ (ื‘ื›ืคื•ืฃ ืœื‘ื“ื™ืงืชื ื•)

ื‘ืขืช ื”ื—ื–ืจืช ื”ืžื•ืฆืจ ืื ื ื•ื•ื“ืื• ืฉื”ืžื•ืฆืจ ืžื•ื—ื–ืจ ื‘ืฉืœืžื•ืชื• ืขื ื›ืœ ื”ืื‘ื™ื–ืจื™ื ืืฉืจ ื”ื’ื™ืขื• ืขื ื”ืžื•ืฆืจ.
ื”ื–ื™ื›ื•ื™ ื™ืชื‘ืฆืข ืœืื—ืจ ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ื”ืžื•ืฆืจ, ื‘ื˜ื•ื•ื— ืฉืœื ื™ืขืœื” ืขืœ 7 ื™ืžื™ ืขืกืงื™ื ืžื™ื•ื ืฉื ืืกืฃ ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ื ื•.

ื”ื”ื—ื–ืจื” ืžืชืืคืฉืจืช ื‘ื“ื•ืืจ ืจืฉื•ื ื‘ืœื‘ื“ ืขื ืžืกืคืจ ืžืขืงื‘, ื“ืจืš ืกื ื™ืฃ ืฉืœ ื“ื•ืืจ ื™ืฉืจืืœ.

ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื‘ื˜ืœ ืขืกืงื” ืžื›ืœ ืกื™ื‘ื” ื‘ืชื•ืš 14 ื™ื•ื ืžืžื•ืขื“ ืงื‘ืœืช ื”ืžื•ืฆืจ, ื‘ืžื™ื“ื” ืฉืชืจืฆื• ืœื‘ื˜ืœ ืžื•ืฆืจ ืœืื—ืจ ืฉืœื™ื—ืชื•, ืขืœื™ื›ื ืœื”ืžืชื™ืŸ ืœืงื‘ืœืชื• ื•ืœืฉืœื•ื— ืื•ืชื• ื‘ื—ื–ืจื” ืœืžื—ืกื ื™ ื”ืกืคืง ื‘ืกื™ืŸ ืื• ื™ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ืืœ ืžืฉืจื“ื™ื ื• ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ื‘ืชื™ืื•ื ืขื ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืœืงื•ื—ื•ืช ืฉืœื ื• ื‘ื•ื•ืื˜ืกืค ืื• ื‘ืžื™ื™ืœ(ื—ื•ื‘ื” ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ืขืžื ื• ืงืฉืจ ื‘ื›ื“ื™ ืœืชืื ืืช ื”ื”ื—ื–ืจื”).

ืขืœื•ื™ื•ืช ืžืฉืœื•ื— ื”ืžื•ืฆืจื™ื ืœืžืจื›ื– ื”ืžืฉืœื•ื—ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืืชืจ ื™ื—ื•ืœื• ืขืœ ื”ืจื•ื›ืฉ.

ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืžื•ืฆืจื™ื ืืœื” ืฉื™ื•ื—ื–ืจื• ื›ืืžื•ืจ, ื™ื™ื ืชืŸ ื–ื™ื›ื•ื™ ื›ืกืคื™ ืžืœื, ื‘ื ื™ื›ื•ื™ ืขืœื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžืฉืœื•ื—. ืื ืชื”ื™ื™ื ื” ืœืขืกืง ืขืœื•ื™ื•ืช ื ื•ืกืคื•ืช, ื›ื“ื•ื’ืžืช ื“ืžื™ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœ ืœื—ื‘ืจืช ื”ืืฉืจืื™, ื™ื ื•ื›ื• ืขืœื•ื™ื•ืช ืืœื” ืžืกื›ื•ื ื”ื–ื™ื›ื•ื™ ืืฉืจ ื™ืขืžื•ื“ ืœืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืœืงื•ื—. ื”ื–ื™ื›ื•ื™ ื™ื™ื ืชืŸ ืœื›ืจื˜ื™ืก ื”ืืฉืจืื™ ื‘ื• ื‘ื•ืฆืข ื”ืชืฉืœื•ื ืขืœ ื”ืจื›ื™ืฉื”.

ืœืžืจื•ืช ื”ืืžื•ืจ ืœืขื™ืœ, ืžื•ืฆืจื™ื ืœื’ื‘ื™ื”ื ื™ืฆื•ื™ืŸ ื‘ืืชืจ ืฉืื™ื ื ื ื™ืชื ื™ื ืœื”ื—ื–ืจื”, ืœื ืชืชืืคืฉืจ ื”ื—ื–ืจื” ื›ืืžื•ืจ. ืžื•ืฆืจื™ื ืืœื” ื›ื•ืœืœื™ื, ืœืžืฉืœ, ืžื•ืฆืจื™ื ื‘ื”ืชืืžื” ืื™ืฉื™ืช ื•ืžื•ืฆืจื™ื ื‘ืžืฉืœื•ื—ื™ื ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ื™ื.

ื”ื—ื–ืจ ืžืœื ื™ืฉืœื— ืœืื—ืจ ืฉื”ืœืงื•ื— ื™ืฉืœื— ืืช ื”ืžื•ืฆืจ ื—ื–ืจื” ืœืžืคืขืœ ื‘ืกื™ืŸ.

ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืงืจื” ื‘ื• ื™ืฉ ืื™ ื”ืชืืžื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืืชืจ ืœื—ื•ืง ื”ื’ื ืช ื”ืฆืจื›ืŸ, ื™ื’ื‘ืจื• ื”ื•ืจืื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืง ืขืœ ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืืชืจ.

ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ื—ื–ืจืช ืžื•ืฆืจื™ื ืžืฉืชื ื” ืžืžื•ืฆืจ ืœืžื•ืฆืจ, ื‘ื”ืชืื ืœืžื’ื•ื•ืŸ ื”ืฉื•ืชืคื™ื ื•ื”ืกืคืงื™ื ื”ืฉื•ื ื™ื.

ืขืœ ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ืžื‘ืฆืข ื”ื”ื–ืžื ื” ืœื”ื•ื“ื™ืข ืžื™ื™ื“ื™ืช, ืœื›ืœ ื”ื™ื•ืชืจ ืขื“ 5 ื™ืžื™ ืขืกืงื™ื, ืขืœ ืงื‘ืœืช ืžื•ืฆืจ ืคื’ื•ื/ืžื•ืฆืจ ืฉืื™ื ื• ืชื•ืื ืœื”ื–ืžื ื”.

ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ืชื ื”ืœ ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื”ืžืฉืชืžืฉ ืืช ื”ื”ืชืงืฉืจื•ืช ืžื•ืœ ื”ืฉื•ืชืคื™ื, ื•ืชืคืขืœ ื‘ื”ืชืื ืœืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืชื, ืืš ื”ื™ื ืื™ื ื” ื”ืื—ืจืื™ืช ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ ื–ื™ื›ื•ื™ ื›ืกืคื™ ืื• ืคื™ืฆื•ื™ ื”ืจื•ื›ืฉ.

ื‘ืžืงืจื” ืฉืœ ื”ื—ื–ืจืช ืžื•ืฆืจ, ืขืœ ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ืžื–ืžื™ืŸ ื”ืžื•ืฆืจ ืœืฉืœื•ื— ืืช ื”ืžื•ืฆืจ ื‘ื—ื–ืจื” ืืœ ื›ืชื•ื‘ืช ื”ื™ืขื“ ืžืžื ื” ื”ื•ื ื ืฉืœื—, ื•ืœืฉืืช ื‘ืขืœื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ืœื•ื— ืื• ื›ืœ ืขืœื•ืช ื ื•ืกืคืช ื”ื ื“ืจืฉืช ืœื”ื—ื–ืจืช ื”ืžื•ืฆืจ.

ื‘ืขืกืงื” ื‘ื›ืจื˜ื™ืก ืืฉืจืื™(ืœื”ื‘ื“ื™ืœ ืžืขืกืงืช "ืคื™ื™ืคืืœ") โ€“ ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ ืœื“ืžื™ ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœ ื”ืงื‘ื•ืขื™ื ื‘ื—ื•ืง, ืชื’ื‘ื” 'ืขืžืœืช ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœ ืขืกืงื”' ื ื•ืกืคืช ืืฉืจ ื ื’ื‘ืช ืžื—ื‘ืจืช ื”ืืฉืจืื™ 'ื™ืฉืจืื›ืืจื˜'.

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ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืชย ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœ ื”ื–ืžื ืช ืžื•ืฆืจ

ื—ื•ืง ื”ื’ื ืช ื”ืฆืจื›ืŸย ืžืืคืฉืจ ืœืœืงื•ื— ืฉืœย ืขืกืงืช ืžื›ืจ ืžืจื—ื•ืงย ืœื‘ื˜ืœ ืืช ื”ืขืกืงื” ื‘ืชื•ืš 14 ื™ืžื™ื ืžื™ื•ื ืงื‘ืœืช ื”ืžื•ืฆืจ, ืื• ืžืžื•ืขื“ ืงื‘ืœืช ืคืจื˜ื™ ื”ืขืกืงื” โ€“ ืœืคื™ ื”ืžืื•ื—ืจ ืžื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ื, ื•ื‘ืขืœื•ืช ื“ืžื™ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœ ื‘ื’ื•ื‘ื” 5% ืžื”ืขืกืงื” ืื• 100 ืฉ"ื— โ€“ ืœืคื™ ื”ื ืžื•ืš ืžื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ื.

ื”ื’ื ื” ืขืœ ืงื ื™ื™ืชื›ื ืžืžื•ืขื“ ื”ื”ื–ืžื ื” ื•ืขื“ ืฉืœื™ื—ืช ื”ืžื•ืฆืจ:

ื‘ืžื™ื“ื” ื•ื ืฉืœื—ื” ื‘ืงืฉื” ืœื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœ ื”ื–ืžื ื”, ื•ื”ืžื•ืฆืจ ื˜ืจื ื ืฉืœื—, ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ืชื‘ืฆืข ื–ื™ื›ื•ื™ ื›ืกืคื™ ื”ื›ื•ืœืœ ื“ืžื™ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœ ืขืกืงื”.

ื‘ืžื™ื“ื” ื•ื”ืžื•ืฆืจ ื›ื‘ืจ ื ืฉืœื—, ื™ืฆื˜ืจืš ืœื—ื›ื•ืช ื”ืœืงื•ื— ืขื“ ืœื”ื’ืขืช ื”ืžื•ืฆืจ, ื•ืœื”ื—ื–ื™ืจื• ื‘ื”ืชื”ื ืœืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ื—ื–ืจืช ืžื•ืฆืจื™ื.

ืคืขืžื™ื ืจื‘ื•ืช ื”ืžื•ืฆืจ ื ืฉืœื—, ืืš ืžืกืคืจ ืžืขืงื‘ื• ื˜ืจื ืขื•ื“ื›ืŸ ื‘ืžืขืจื›ืช.
ืขืœ ื›ืŸ, ืื™ืŸ ืœืงื—ืช ืืช ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื” ืฉื˜ืจื ืขื•ื“ื›ืŸ ืžืกืคืจ ืžืขืงื‘ ื›ืจืื™ื™ื” ืฉื”ืžื•ืฆืจ ื˜ืจื ื ืฉืœื—

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